Summary 

Market relations put in the forefront close economic cooperation among countries on democratic principles. From time immemorial Georgia was involved in trade and economic relations with Eastern (China, India, Iran, Middle Asia) and Western countries  that was stipulated by geopolitical situation of Georgia and great Caravan Route of Silk passing through the country owing to which these countries successfully realized mutually useful “ buying and selling.” Georgia took active part in this trade selling its silk thread  and fine silk products manufactured locally. These products were famous by their  high quality both in Eastern and Western countries.

Thus, sericulture is one of the most ancient and traditional sectors of agriculture in Georgia, its roots come from remote ages. As it was noted a great interest to silkworm breeding was stipulated by excellent qualities of silk  fabrics necessary for human health and by high demand on it in national economy of the country.

In 1990-2000 decade the production of silk cocoon in Georgia decreased at about 2,9 times, correspondingly  resulting in the decrease of silk thread  production  in tones: in 1985 from 3,8 to 2,68 in 1990; in 1993 from 0,3 to 0,08 in 1997.Silk fabric  production in square meters decreased in 1985 from 46403 to 45 861 in 1990; in 1995 from 889 to 318 in 1997; adequately happened in silk stuff manufacturing per head of population  in 1990 from  8,4 aquare meters to 0,06 square meters  in 1997.

In transition period to market economy some sectors of  industry in Georgia have stopped their functioning in the conditions of economic crisis. Among them is textile industry because silk – weaving mills do not function.  Silk cocoons produced in the country  have no consumer. In the absence of a main economic conditions – “demand” there cannot exceed  “supply”. Demand and supply  deficiency stipulates  a strong limitation of silk cocoon realization which is produced in Georgia  in small quantities. If the producer is unable to realize his production in time he will not continue his activity such is the situation of Georgian silkworm breeders.

Proceeding from the above mentioned the tradition of silk cocoon production in our country, current situation of the sector, its great significance in national economy show the necessity to take complex measures for overcoming the problems accumulated in silkworm breeding.

To reconstruct silkworm breeding sector it is expedient to:

1. Reanimate textile industry in Georgia and raise material incentive of silkworm breeders.
2. Invest in silkworm breeding and give purposeful credit.
3. select local sorts of silkworm eggs.
4. Import high productive sorts and hybrids of silkworm eggs side by side with local sorts of silk worm eggs.
5. Raise the quality of silkworm cocoon.
6. Get rid of silkworm disease and fight against it..
7. Technical re-equipment of cocoon reeling, silk spinning and silk weaving mills.
8. Reconstruction and development of mulberry growing – a main forage reserve for silkworms.

Silk worm breeding is a united cycle and artificial exclusion of any element or process might result  in the derangement of the cycle as a whole. High quality thread  is necessary to produce silk fabric; and to produce high quality silk tread it is necessary to produce high quality cocoon. The production  of silk cocoon is closely connected  with good worm of silkworm egg plants and mainly with the development of mulberry growing which is a stable forage reserve for silk worms.

It is clear that light industry objects, such as silk spinning, weaving and reeling mills should demand silk cocoon otherwise silk cocoon production and supply would not occur. That’s why sericulture development should be observed as a single complex, as a succession of all its processes. The reconstruction of the sector should be realized by means of practical realization of planned measures.